| 1 | Rinzai Zen Buddhism [BDS_00002;1] |
| 2 | Rinzai Zen Buddhism is one of the Chinese five Houses <sol> seven Schools of Zen ( Rinzai , Igyou , Soto , Unmon , Hogan ) and Gigen RINZAI ( ？ - 867 ) of Tang was its founder . [BDS_00002;2] |
| 3 | He was known as “ RINZAI of Katu ( meaning to help wake up the sleeping mind ) ” and “ General RINZAI ” , and rose to the top of Chinese Zen with his distinctive style . [BDS_00002;3] |
| 4 | With its Zen Talks that try to awaken self awareness through study of Koan , it differs from the Silent Zen of the Soto sect , which just does meditation . [BDS_00002;4] |
| 5 | Rinzai School in China [BDS_00002;5] |
| 6 | As the name implies , Rinzai School started with its founder Gigen RINZAI at the end of the Tang dynasty , after the anti - Buddhist movement at the Kaishou era . [BDS_00002;6] |
| 7 | RINZAI was the disciple of Kiun OBAKU ; the school grew as a religious movement centered in the province of Hebei , with the support of Changshi WANG of the Hanchin government , but in the confusion that arose around the end of the Tang dynasty , Hebei was at the center of the tumultuous five dynasties and it became difficult to sustain a religious movement . [BDS_00002;7] |
| 8 | The central figure around that time was Enshou FUKETSU . [BDS_00002;8] |
| 9 | It was in the Northern Song dynasty that Rinzai School became vibrant again , below the gates of Sekiso SOEN , along with Enan OURYU and Houe YOUGI who came from Jiangxi province and created the two main sectes of Rinzai ( Ouryu and Yougi ) , and swept across all of China . [BDS_00002;9] |
| 10 | When it came to the Southern Song dynasty , Soukou DAIE , a disciple of Kokugon ENGO who belonged to the Yougi sect , started the Daikan sect in Zhejiang province , which became a major sect in the Rinzai School . [BDS_00002;10] |
| 11 | Rinzai School in Japan [BDS_00002;11] |
| 12 | According to doctrine , it was brought over to China from India by Bodhidharma , the 28th successor of the 10 disciples ( called Kasho ) who directly received the teaching ( enlightenment ) of Siddhartha Gautama . [BDS_00002;12] |
| 13 | Later the Rinzai school , which achieved the pinnacle of Zen teaching , was brought to Japan in the Kamakura period by Eisai , who went to China to study in the Southern Song period . [BDS_00002;13] |
| 14 | Japan 's Rinzai is one of Zen schools in Japan . [BDS_00002;14] |
| 15 | It emphasizes the transmission of enlightenment from teacher to disciple . ( Hassu is the disciple who inherited the teaching of the master . ) [BDS_00002;15] |
| 16 | It calls Sakyamuni the Original Teacher Venerable Sakyamuni Buddha , Bodhidharma the First Ancestor and Great Teacher Bodhidharma , and RINZAI the Founder and Great Teacher Rinzai . [BDS_00002;16] |
| 17 | In contrast to the Soto Zen school which spreads through regional clans and the general people , the Rinzai School received support from Samurai families in government , and was esteemed in the politics and culture . [BDS_00002;17] |
| 18 | Later , the Rinzai School was rebuilt in the Edo period by Master HAKUIN , and continued to be called Hakuin Zen . [BDS_00002;18] |
| 19 | Traditions [BDS_00002;19] |
| 20 | Transmission of enlightenment from masters to disciples continues down to the present day ( Hassu is the disciple who inherited the teaching of the master ) . [BDS_00002;20] |
| 21 | The important interaction between the master and disciple is called “ a secret in the room ” and is not to be taken out of the master 's room and revealed publicly . [BDS_00002;21] |
| 22 | What is extracted from the interactions between a master and disciple , or Zen lecture transcripts that record the actions of a master , is called a Koan ( precedent ) and various collections have been compiled since the Song dynasty ; but enlightenment is not something that can be communicated with words , so when people today try to understand the text , the Koan itself refuses them . [BDS_00002;22] |
| 23 | However , they contain hints that lead people toward enlightenment , and there are a great many Zen books from the beginning down to the present day . [BDS_00002;23] |
| 24 | Also since the Song dynasty , the Zen schools changed to a Kannazen style in which masters give lectures using transcripts of Zen talks and the masters became not to display the same majesty as those in the Tang dynasty including Rinzai . [BDS_00002;24] |
| 25 | Although masters choose their successors when they die , the successors have not necessarily attained enlightenment by that time , but that fact is only known to the master and the successor himself . [BDS_00002;25] |
| 26 | Even if the new master had not attained enlightenment , the disciples would have been able to do so if it is within a few generations from that of the master who gained enlightenment , therefore it is possible to take such a measure . [BDS_00002;26] |
| 27 | It is possible for a master to leave behind several new masters , or at his discretion not to leave a successor and bring his line to an end . [BDS_00002;27] |
| 28 | Many lines have split , and some have disappeared ; in this way some of those lines have come down from the 7th century to the present day . [BDS_00002;28] |
| 29 | Enlightenment [BDS_00002;29] |
| 30 | The Zen sects generally emphasize enlightenment over knowledge . [BDS_00002;30] |
| 31 | Enlightenment in Zen means that all living things realize the inherent buddha nature they possess . [BDS_00002;31] |
| 32 | For this reason , masters in the Tang dynasty struggled to enlightenment through much hardship . [BDS_00002;32] |
| 33 | However , they began to devise many techniques for gaining enlightenment from the Song dynasty . [BDS_00002;33] |
| 34 | These were systematized so that enlightenment could be gained by performing training such as Zazen ( not the same as meditation ) , Koan ( understanding stories that surpass intellectual understanding ) , Dokyou ( reading sutras ) , or Samu ( everyday work ) under an already enlightened Zen master . [BDS_00002;34] |
| 35 | Enlightenment is thought to pass from the master to the disciple as a candle flame passes to a candle that is unlit ( called Dentou ) . [BDS_00002;35] |
| 36 | That is not a transmission based on words ( logos ) . [BDS_00002;36] |
| 37 | For this reason , it is considered crucial to choose the right Zen master . [BDS_00002;37] |
| 38 | That means not just choosing one who has gained enlightenment , but one who fits with one 's own personality . [BDS_00002;38] |
| 39 | Actually , it does not mean that an enlightened Zen master instructs and enables someone to gain enlightenment . [BDS_00002;39] |
| 40 | Masters in the Tang dynasty did not learn to get enlightenment from anybody - not to mention Siddhartha Gautama ( Buddha , Shakuson ) , who gained enlightenment without a teacher . [BDS_00002;40] |
| 41 | While it is impossible to define enlightenment with words , words are one of many methods that can describe the boundaries of enlightenment . [BDS_00002;41] |
| 42 | That is why , especially after it was brought to Japan , enlightenment has been expressed through artistic expression such as poetry and painting , so that one can get a taste of its aroma . [BDS_00002;42] |
| 43 | Other than in art , it is also expressed in deportments such as tea ceremony and flower arrangement ; and methods to get a taste of the world of enlightenment have also been born . [BDS_00002;43] |
| 44 | That is not an intellectual understanding . [BDS_00002;44] |
| 45 | The Koan System [BDS_00002;45] |
| 46 | The Koan system came together after the Song dynasty , and though they might be fabricated it has made even more enlightenments possible . [BDS_00002;46] |
| 47 | Most Koan are made up of conversations between a master and disciple , telling the truth of the moment when the disciple gained enlightenment . [BDS_00002;47] |
| 48 | Koan can not be received with logical , intellectual understanding , and are stories beyond logic that can be understood only by completely becoming the Koan itself instead of thinking . [BDS_00002;48] |
| 49 | The Koan system was established by collecting these Koan stories as a method for leading disciples and was composed of 500 to 1900 Koan stories . [BDS_00002;49] |
| 50 | Koan system differs according to the master 's style . [BDS_00002;50] |
| 51 | Examples of Koan stories in the beginning . [BDS_00002;51] |
| 52 | “ Does a dog have buddha - nature ? ” [BDS_00002;52] |
| 53 | “ It does not have . ” [BDS_00002;52] |
| 54 | As the background , any Buddhist knows that “ all living things have Buddha - nature . ” [BDS_00002;53] |
| 55 | The Sound of One Hand Clapping [BDS_00002;54] |
| 56 | A disciple has to listen to the sound of clapping with one hand and show that to the master . [BDS_00002;55] |
| 57 | By intellectual understanding , it is impossible to clap with one hand and make a sound . [BDS_00002;56] |
| 58 | Sects [BDS_00002;57] |
| 59 | Kenni - ji sect [BDS_00002;58] |
| 60 | The sect began when Eisai came back from Southern Song China in 1202 . [BDS_00002;59] |
| 61 | Eisai was the first to bring the Zen tradition to Japan . [BDS_00002;60] |
| 62 | Head temple is Kenni - ji in Kyoto . [BDS_00002;61] |
| 63 | Kenni - ji is the oldest Zen temple in Japan . [BDS_00002;62] |
| 64 | Tofuku - ji sect [BDS_00002;63] |
| 65 | The sect began in Kyoto when Benen ENNI returned from Song China in 1236 . [BDS_00002;64] |
| 66 | Head temple is Tofuku - ji in Kyoto . [BDS_00002;65] |
| 67 | Ekei ANKOKUJI , who was a monk and also acted as a diplomat for the Mori clan in the Warring States period , belonged to this school . [BDS_00002;66] |
| 68 | Kencho - ji sect [BDS_00002;67] |
| 69 | The sect was established by Douryuu RANKEI in 1253 , who was invited from Southern Song China by Tiyori HOJOU , the 5th regent of the Kamakura Shogunate . [BDS_00002;68] |
| 70 | Head temple is Kencho - ji in Kamakura , founded by Douryuu RANKEI . [BDS_00002;69] |
| 71 | Kencho - ji was the first Zen temple that opened the first pure Zen training hall in Japan , with more than 1,000 monks training there at one time . [BDS_00002;70] |
| 72 | Enkaku - ji sect [BDS_00002;71] |
| 73 | The sect began in Kamakura in 1282 when Sogen MUGAKU was invited from China . [BDS_00002;72] |
| 74 | Head temple is Enkaku - ji in Kamakura . [BDS_00002;73] |
| 75 | Enkaku - ji Temple was passed from Sogen MUGAKU to Kennichi KOUHOU and Soseki MUSOU , and was at one time the center of Japanese Zen . [BDS_00002;74] |
| 76 | Famous Zen masters after the Meiji period include Kousen IMAKITA , Souen SHAKU , and Sougen ASAHINA . [BDS_00002;75] |
| 77 | Daisetsu SUZUKI who introduced Zen to the West experienced Zen under the two masters , IMAKITA and Souen SHAKU as a lay buddhist . [BDS_00002;76] |
| 78 | Also , Soseki NATSUME approached Souen SHAKU and wrote about that experience in The Gate . [BDS_00002;77] |
| 79 | Nanzen - ji sect [BDS_00002;78] |
| 80 | The sect was begun by Fumon MUKAN in 1291 . [BDS_00002;79] |
| 81 | Head temple is Nanzen - ji in Kyoto . [BDS_00002;80] |
| 82 | Kokutai - ji sect [BDS_00002;81] |
| 83 | The sect was begun by Myoi JIUN around 1300 . [BDS_00002;82] |
| 84 | Head temple is Kokutai - ji ( Takaoka City in Toyama Prefecture ) , which was rebuilt in the Meiji period by Tesshuu YAMAOKA . [BDS_00002;83] |
| 85 | Taninaka - no - Zenseian , founded by Tesshuu , is a famous temple of the Kokutai - ji sect . [BDS_00002;84] |
| 86 | Daitoku - ji sect [BDS_00002;85] |
| 87 | The sect was begun in 1315 by Myouchou SHUUHOU . [BDS_00002;86] |
| 88 | Head temple is Daitoku - ji in Kyoto . [BDS_00002;87] |
| 89 | It was razed during the Onin War in the Muromachi period , but Soujun IKKYUU rebuilt it . [BDS_00002;88] |
| 90 | Kogaku - ji sect [BDS_00002;89] |
| 91 | The sect was begun by Tushou BASSUI in 1327 . [BDS_00002;90] |
| 92 | Head temple is Kogaku - ji in Koushuu City , Yamanashi Prefecture . [BDS_00002;91] |
| 93 | Myoshin - ji sect [BDS_00002;92] |
| 94 | The sect was begun in 1337 by Egen KANZAN . [BDS_00002;93] |
| 95 | Head temple is Myoshin - ji in Kyoto . [BDS_00002;94] |
| 96 | Subsidiary temples include Keishunin , Shunkouin , and Taizouin . [BDS_00002;95] |
| 97 | It is the largest sect of the Rinzai School , with more than 3,400 sect temples . [BDS_00002;96] |
| 98 | Tenryu - ji sect [BDS_00002;97] |
| 99 | The sect was begun in 1339 by Soseki MUSOU . [BDS_00002;98] |
| 100 | Head temple is Tenryu - ji in Arashiyama , Kyoto . [BDS_00002;99] |
| 101 | Eigen - ji sect [BDS_00002;100] |
| 102 | The sect was begun in 1361 by Genkou JAKUSHITSU . [BDS_00002;101] |
| 103 | Head temple is Eigen - ji in Higashioumi City , Shiga Prefecture . [BDS_00002;102] |
| 104 | It has about 150 branch temples mainly in the area of Shiga Prefecture . [BDS_00002;103] |
| 105 | Belonged to the Tofuku - ji sect until 1880 . [BDS_00002;104] |
| 106 | Hoko - ji sect [BDS_00002;105] |
| 107 | The sect was begun by Gensen MUMON in 1384 . [BDS_00002;106] |
| 108 | Head temple is Hoko - ji in Inasa Town , Kita - ku , Hamamatsu City . [BDS_00002;107] |
| 109 | It has about 170 branch temples mainly in the area of Shizuoka Prefecture . [BDS_00002;108] |
| 110 | Belonged to the Nanzen - ji sect until 1904 . [BDS_00002;109] |
| 111 | Shokoku - ji sect [BDS_00002;110] |
| 112 | The sect was begun by Soseki MUSOU in 1392 . [BDS_00002;111] |
| 113 | Head temple is Shokoku - ji in Kyoto , established by Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA . [BDS_00002;112] |
| 114 | It has about 100 branch temples nationwide . [BDS_00002;113] |
| 115 | Kinkaku - ji Temple and Ginkaku - ji Temple are affiliated . [BDS_00002;114] |
| 116 | Buttsu - ji sect [BDS_00002;115] |
| 117 | The sect was begun by Shuukyuu GUCHUU in 1397 . [BDS_00002;116] |
| 118 | Head temple is Buttsu - ji in Mihara City , Hiroshima Prefecture . [BDS_00002;117] |
| 119 | It has about 50 branch temples mainly in the area of Hiroshima Prefecture . [BDS_00002;118] |
| 120 | Belonged to the Tenryu - ji sect until 1905 . [BDS_00002;119] |
| 121 | Affiliated Educational Institutions [BDS_00002;120] |
| 122 | Hanazono University [BDS_00002;121] |
| 123 | Shogen Junior College [BDS_00002;122] |
| 124 | Hanazono Middle School <sol> High School [BDS_00002;123] |